When can a notary act as a witness on a document they are notarizing?

A notary can act as a witness on a document they are notarizing only if they are not also acting in their capacity as the notary for that specific act. The role of a notary is to serve as an impartial official, ensuring that the document is executed correctly and that the signers are who they claim to be. When the notary also serves as a witness, it creates a potential conflict of interest, as they may then have a personal stake in the document's execution, which can compromise their impartiality.

In situations where a notary acts solely in the capacity of a witness, they will not be conducting the notarization at that time, allowing them to fulfill the requirements of both roles without the inherent conflict. It’s essential for the integrity of the notarization process that the notary maintains a neutral stance, which is why acting in both roles simultaneously is not permitted.

The other scenarios, such as acting based on necessity, at a signer’s request, or if another witness is unavailable, do not align with the guidelines governing notarial practice as they overlook the fundamental requirement for the notary to maintain impartiality and objectivity in their duties.